{"id":3372,"date":"2026-01-10T10:22:56","date_gmt":"2026-01-10T09:22:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/?p=3372"},"modified":"2026-01-10T10:22:56","modified_gmt":"2026-01-10T09:22:56","slug":"jednostavan-test-koji-moze-bolje-da-predvidi-rizik-od-srcanog-udara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/jednostavan-test-koji-moze-bolje-da-predvidi-rizik-od-srcanog-udara\/","title":{"rendered":"A Simple Test That Can Better Predict the Risk of Heart Attack"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Traditional Cholesterol Testing Is Sometimes Not Enough?<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>For nearly six decades, measuring blood cholesterol has been considered the gold standard for assessing the risk of heart disease. However, modern science shows that this approach is often not precise enough.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A large study conducted in more than 200,000 people, led by researchers from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chalmers.se\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Chalmers University of Technology<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.harvard.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Harvard University<\/a>, delivers an important message:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udc49 The number of cholesterol-carrying particles is more important than the total amount of cholesterol itself.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In other words, what matters is not how much cholesterol you have, but how many \u201ccarriers\u201d of that cholesterol are circulating in your blood vessels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Heart disease \u2013 the silent killer of modern society<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. A large proportion of these deaths could be prevented through early risk detection and simple preventive measures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The problem is that in a significant number of people, risk is not recognized in time, because standard lipid profiles may appear \u201cacceptable.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u201cGood\u201d and \u201cbad\u201d cholesterol \u2013 but that\u2019s not the whole story<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Cholesterol is essential for the body: it plays a role in cell structure and hormone synthesis. However, when present in excess, it accumulates in the walls of blood vessels and forms atherosclerotic plaques. If a plaque ruptures, it can lead to a heart attack or stroke.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cholesterol does not travel alone. It is transported through the bloodstream by lipoproteins.<br><br>Three main atherogenic classes of lipoproteins \u2014 VLDL, IDL, and LDL \u2014 carry apolipoprotein B (apoB).\nBecause each of these particles contains exactly one apoB molecule, measuring apoB accurately reflects the total number of all \u201cbad\u201d particles that can damage blood vessels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why is apoB a more precise risk marker?<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Traditional testing measures the amount of cholesterol, but not the number of particles that carry it .And each of these particles has the potential to become trapped in the arterial wall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research has shown that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>apoB is the single best marker of cardiovascular risk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>because it directly reflects the total number of atherogenic (harmful) particles<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udc49 Two individuals may have the same level of \u201cbad cholesterol,\u201d but a different number of apoB particles \u2014 and therefore a different risk of heart attack.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcca What are the desirable apoB values?<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>To make this information truly useful, it is important to know what is considered optimal and what indicates increased risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recommended target apoB values:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&lt; 100 mg\/dL \u2013 low cardiovascular risk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&lt; 90 mg\/dL \u2013 moderate risk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&lt; 80 mg\/dL \u2013 optimal, preventive target (recommended for most adults)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&lt; 65\u201370 mg\/dL \u2013 high or very high risk\n(diabetes, previous heart attack, metabolic syndrome)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Clarification:<br>Lower apoB values always mean lower risk.<br>The difference lies only in how low apoB should be, depending on an individual\u2019s overall cardiovascular risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udccc Important to know:<br>In approximately 1 out of 12 people, standard cholesterol testing underestimates the true risk, while apoB clearly reveals the real situation. This is clinically crucial, since 20\u201340% of first cardiovascular events are fatal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Another important player: lipoprotein(a)<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>The study also highlighted the importance of lipoprotein(a) \u2014 a specific, genetically determined form of \u201cbad cholesterol.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>How are lipoprotein(a) levels interpreted?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&lt; 30 mg\/dL \u2013 desirable level<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>30\u201350 mg\/dL \u2013 moderate risk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&gt; 50 mg\/dL \u2013 significantly increased cardiovascular risk<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&gt; 90\u2013100 mg\/dL \u2013 high genetic risk<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u26a0\ufe0f Lipoprotein(a):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>is usually measured once in a lifetime<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>does not respond significantly to diet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>requires stricter target levels for apoB and LDL cholesterol<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If Lp(a) is elevated, the target apoB level should be even lower, even in individuals without other risk factors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Good news: the test is simple and accessible<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Tests for apoB and lipoprotein(a):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>are performed from a standard blood sample<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>are already available in laboratories<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>are financially affordable<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>can easily be implemented in routine preventive testing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Experts even predict that apoB may eventually replace traditional cholesterol testing as the standard risk marker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What does this mean for you \u2013 in practice?<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>If you:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>have a family history of heart disease<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>have excess body weight, <a href=\"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/insulinska-rezistencija-i-policisticni-jajnici\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">insulin resistance<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/secerna-bolest\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">metabolic syndrome<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>have \u201cnormal\u201d cholesterol but experience symptoms or <a href=\"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/sindrom-hronicnog-umora\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">fatigue<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>want true prevention, not just \u201cgood numbers\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\ud83d\udc49 apoB and lipoprotein(a) provide a deeper and more realistic picture of your cardiovascular risk.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><em>Source: Jakub Morze, Giorgio E M Melloni, Clemens Wittenbecher, Mika Ala-Korpela, Andrzej Rynkiewicz, Marta Guasch-Ferr\u00e9, Christian T Ruff, Frank B Hu, Marc S Sabatine, Nicholas A Marston<a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurheartj\/article\/46\/27\/2691\/8118996?login=false\">.\u00a0ApoB-containing lipoproteins: count, type, size, and risk of coronary artery disease.\u00a0<\/a>European Heart Journal, 2025; DOI:\u00a010.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaf207<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udc9a <a href=\"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/\">THE HEALTH FORMULA<\/a> \u2013 prevention begins with understanding<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>In the HEALTH FORMULA approach, health is not reduced to a single test or a single number.<br>We assess functional risk, interpret results in the context of lifestyle, metabolism, and genetics \u2014 and act before disease develops.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Health is built through knowledge. Vitality is preserved through prevention. And true risk becomes visible only when we look beneath the surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That is the essence of THE HEALTH FORMULA \ud83d\udc9a<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Za\u0161to klasi\u010dan holesterol ponekad nije dovoljan? Gotovo \u0161est decenija, merenje holesterola u krvi smatralo se zlatnim standardom za procenu rizika od sr\u010danih bolesti. Me\u0111utim, savremena nauka pokazuje da to \u010desto nije dovoljno precizno. Velika studija sprovedena na vi\u0161e od 200.000 ljudi, koju su vodili istra\u017eiva\u010di sa Chalmers University of Technology i Harvard University, donosi va\u017enu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3374,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3372","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3372"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3372\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3375,"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3372\/revisions\/3375"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3374"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3372"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3372"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/formulazdravlja.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3372"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}